In a typical optical link, data is first transferred from the electrical to the optical domain using an or a directly modulated laser. An electro-optic modulator can vary the intensity and/or the phase of the optical carrier. In silicon photonics, a common technique to achieve modulation is to vary the density of free charge carriers. Variations of electron and hole densities change the real and the imaginary part of the refractive index of silicon as described by the empirical equations of Soref and B.
We report on the successful design and fabrication of optical modules using a 50 micron pitch polymer waveguide interface, integrated for low loss, high density optical data transfer with very low space requirements on a Si photonics die. Co-packaged optics (CPO) technology offers a promising solution by integrating photonic integrated circuits (PICs) directly within or close to electronic integrated circuit (EIC) packages. This prototype module meets JEDEC reliability standards and. As datacenters strive to meet escalating demands for efficiency and bandwidth, particularly with the integration of AI and ML technologies, optics is poised to play a crucial role in shaping the future of interconnect architecture and performance. The technology's key advantage lies in the ability to provide high bandwidth [1, 10] and lower latency while reducing overall system power consumption.
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